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Everett Alvarez, Jr.
Everett Alvarez Jr. (born December 23, 1937) is a former U.S. Navy Commander who endured one of the longest periods as a prisoner of war (POW) in American military history. Alvarez was the first U.S. pilot to be downed and detained during the Vietnam War and spent over eight years in captivity; making him the second longest-held American POW, after U.S. Army Colonel Floyd James Thompson.
==Early life and captivity==
Alvarez was born in 1937 in Salinas, California.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Encyclopedia of the Vietnam War, The: A Political, Social, and Military ... )〕 He is the grandson of immigrants from Mexico.〔(AII POW-MIA InterNetwork )〕 He went to Santa Clara University on an academic scholarship.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Pilgrimage: California Golden Bears Memorial Stadium )〕 He joined the United States Navy in 1960 and was selected for pilot training. On August 5, 1964, during Operation Pierce Arrow, LTJG. Alvarez's Douglas A-4 Skyhawk was shot down in the immediate aftermath of what is known as the Gulf of Tonkin incident. Alvarez endured eight years and seven months of brutal captivity by the North Vietnamese at the Hỏa Lò Prison (sarcastically known as the "Hanoi Hilton" by fellow POWs), in which he was repeatedly beaten and tortured.〔http://books.google.com/books/about/Chained_Eagle.html?id=Iyu0f1wevpMC Chained Eagle: The Heroic Story of the First American Shot Down Over North Vietnam〕 Alvarez was especially esteemed by his fellow prisoners because he was for almost a year the only aviator prisoner of war.
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